The Problem - Revision history

Rjcord: /* Water Vapor */

2025-03-07T18:27:53Z

Water Vapor

Rjcord: /* Water Vapor */

2025-03-07T18:24:28Z

Water Vapor

Rjcord: /* Background to the Crisis */

2024-03-11T18:30:49Z

Background to the Crisis

Rjcord: /* Nitrogen Oxides, NOx */

2024-02-25T18:47:52Z

Nitrogen Oxides, NOx

Rjcord: /* Nitrogen Oxides, NOx */

2024-02-25T18:40:58Z

Nitrogen Oxides, NOx

Rjcord: /* Nitrogen Oxides, NOx */

2024-02-25T18:39:12Z

Nitrogen Oxides, NOx

Rjcord: /* Nitrous Oxide */

2024-02-25T18:38:38Z

Nitrous Oxide

Rjcord: /* Background to the Crisis */

2024-02-23T19:13:23Z

Background to the Crisis

Rjcord: /* Natural Gas */

2024-02-23T02:48:38Z

Natural Gas

Rjcord: /* The Keeling Curve */

2022-02-07T19:37:07Z

The Keeling Curve

@@ Line 228: / Line 228: @@
 :[https://climatechangeconnection.org/science/what-about-water-vapour/ Climate Change Connection]
-Water vapor role in the atmosphere:
+For more details on water vapors' role in the atmosphere see:
 :[https://science.nasa.gov/earth/climate-change/steamy-relationships-how-atmospheric-water-vapor-amplifies-earths-greenhouse-effect/ Steamy Relationships: How Atmospheric Water Vapor Amplifies Earth’s Greenhouse Effect] - NASA - Feb 2022

@@ Line 224: / Line 224: @@
 === Water Vapor ===
-Water vapor itself, i.e. gaseous water, is also a weak green house gas. It really only becomes a problem with runaway global warming when the seas begin to evaporate, causing feedback and more global warming. This mechanism is believed to be behind Venus' high surface temperatures that melt lead. See:
+Water vapor itself, i.e. gaseous water, is also a weak greenhouse gas. It really only becomes a problem with runaway global warming when the seas begin to evaporate, causing feedback and more global warming. This mechanism is believed to be behind Venus' high surface temperatures that melt lead. See:
 :[https://climatechangeconnection.org/science/what-about-water-vapour/ Climate Change Connection]
 ==Nature's Feedback Loops (aka Tipping Points)==

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:30, 11 March 2024
Line 71:		Line 71:

	:[https://earther.gizmodo.com/exxon-predicted-2019-s-ominous-co2-milestone-in-1982-1834748763 “Exxon Predicted 2019’s Ominous CO<sub>2</sub> Milestone in 1982”] - Gizmodo - May 2019		:[https://earther.gizmodo.com/exxon-predicted-2019-s-ominous-co2-milestone-in-1982-1834748763 “Exxon Predicted 2019’s Ominous CO<sub>2</sub> Milestone in 1982”] - Gizmodo - May 2019
		+
		+	More recently, The Guardian reports that as early as the 1950's the problem had already been identified:
		+
		+	:[https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/30/fossil-fuel-industry-air-pollution-fund-research-caltech-climate-change-denial ‘Smoking gun proof’: fossil fuel industry knew of climate danger as early as 1954, documents show] - The Guardian - January 2024

	== The Origin of the 12 Year Timeline ==		== The Origin of the 12 Year Timeline ==

@@ Line 213: / Line 213: @@
 '''Nitrogen Dioxide''' (NO<sub>2</sub>) an NOx and a reddish-brown gas. The most prominent climate sources of NO<sub>2</sub> are internal combustion engines. It has a number of health hazards and can contribute to acid rain.
-'''Nitric oxide''' (NO) an NOx
+'''Nitric oxide''' (NO) an NOx and a colorless gas. Nitric oxide forms in combustion systems and can be generated by lightning in thunderstorms.
 '''Nitrous oxide''' (N<sub>2</sub>O) has a 100 year [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_potential Global Warming Potential] (GWP) of 289 and it also depletes the ozone layer. Agricultural sources account for 74% of all sources. Nitrous Oxide constitutes about 6% (by weight) of GHG emissions in the US. See:

@@ Line 209: / Line 209: @@
 === Nitrogen Oxides, NOx ===
-Nitrogen commonly forms three oxides, N(<sub>2</sub>)O, NO and NO(<sub>2</sub>). NOx is shorthand for nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), the nitrogen oxides that are most relevant for air pollution.
+Nitrogen commonly forms three oxides, N<sub>2</sub>O, NO and NO<sub>2</sub>. NOx is shorthand for nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide NO<sub>2</sub>, the nitrogen oxides that are most relevant for air pollution.
 '''Nitrogen Dioxide''' (NO<sub>2</sub>) an NOx and a reddish-brown gas. The most prominent climate sources of NO<sub>2</sub> are internal combustion engines. It has a number of health hazards and can contribute to acid rain.

@@ Line 208: / Line 208: @@
 For more information on problems specific to New Mexico see: [[Four Corners Methane Hot Spot]] and [[Permian Basin Methane Leaks]].
-=== Nitrous Oxide ===
+=== Nitrogen Oxides, NOx ===
-Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) has a 100 year [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_potential Global Warming Potential] (GWP) of 289 and it also depletes the ozone layer. Agricultural sources account for 74% of all sources. Nitrous Oxide constitutes about 6% (by weight) of GHG emissions in the US. See:
+Nitrogen commonly forms three oxides, N(<sub>2</sub)O, NO and NO(<sub>2</sub). NOx is shorthand for nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), the nitrogen oxides that are most relevant for air pollution.
 :[https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11092019/nitrous-oxide-climate-pollutant-explainer-greenhouse-gas-agriculture-livestock "What Is Nitrous Oxide and Why Is It a Climate Threat?"] - Inside Climate News - Sabrina Shankman - September 11, 2019

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 :[https://www.ipcc.ch/reports/ "Index of all IPCC reports"]
-We nearly did something 30 years ago, see:
+We nearly did something 30 years ago, see this report from the New York Times:
 :[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/01/magazine/climate-change-losing-earth.html “Losing Earth”]

@@ Line 175: / Line 175: @@
 ====Natural Gas====
-Natural gas is produced at oil or gas wells. In its raw state it contains many other components other than methane such as ethane, propane, butane and other volatile organic compounds (VOC). Raw natural gas composition varies from well to well and region to region. Possible composition ranges are:
+Natural gas is produced at oil or gas wells. In its raw state it contains many other components other than methane such as ethane, [[Propane Backgrounder|propane]], butane and other volatile organic compounds (VOC). Raw natural gas composition varies from well to well and region to region. Possible composition ranges are:
 {| class="wikitable"

@@ Line 82: / Line 82: @@
 From Scripps Institution of Oceanography:
-:''“Scripps scientists measured a record level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere: 415 parts per million, on Sunday, May 12, 2019. This daily record, the Keeling Curve, is considered the foundation of modern climate change research. Geochemist Charles David Keeling joined Scripps in 1956 and built a manometer and other equipment to isolate the carbon dioxide in air samples. In 1958, the average carbon dioxide concentration of the first measurement was 316.16 parts per million. In 2013, the CO<sub>2'' </sub>''concentration surpassed 400 ppm for the first time in human history.”''
+:''“Scripps scientists measured a record level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere: 420 parts per million in 2021. This daily record, the Keeling Curve, is considered the foundation of modern climate change research. Geochemist Charles David Keeling joined Scripps in 1956 and built a manometer and other equipment to isolate the carbon dioxide in air samples. In 1958, the average carbon dioxide concentration of the first measurement was 316.16 parts per million. In 2013, the CO<sub>2'' </sub>''concentration surpassed 400 ppm for the first time in human history.”''
-:[https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/ https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/]
+:[https://keelingcurve.ucsd.edu/ https://keelingcurve.ucsd.edu/]
 <div style="text-align:center>
-<youtube >Z43FQCSg4Ow</youtube></div>
+<youtube >9UJsB4HseJs</youtube></div>
 == Temperature Curves ==